Republics of Difference: Religious and Racial Self-Governance in the Spanish Atl

Description: Republics of Difference by Karen B. Graubart Spanish monarchs recognized the jurisdictions of many self-governing corporate groups, including Jews and Muslims on the peninsula, indigenous peoples in their American colonies, and enslaved and free people of African descent across the empire. Republics of Difference examines fifteenth-century Seville and sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Lima to show how religiously- and racially-based self-governance functioned in a society with many kinds of law, what effects it had on communities, and why it mattered. By comparing these minoritized communities on both sides of the Spanish Atlantic world, this study offers a new understanding of the distinct standings of those communities in their urban settings. Drawing on legal and commercial records from late medieval Spain and colonial Latin America, Karen B. Graubart paints insightful portraits of residents everyday lives to underscore the discriminatory barriers as well as the occupational structures, social hierarchies, and networks in which they flourished. In doing so, she demonstrates the limits, benefits, and dangers of living under ones own law in the Spanish empire, including the ways self-governance enabled some communities to protect their practices and cultures over time. FORMAT Paperback LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Author Biography Karen B. Graubart is Associate Professor of History at the University of Notre Dame. She is the author of the award-winning With Our Labor and Sweat: Indigenous Women and the Formation of Colonial Society in Peru, 1550-1700. Table of Contents Acknowledgments Glossary Introduction Part I: Space 1 Religious Republics in Seville, 1248-1502 2 Limas Indian Republics, 1532-1650 Part II: Jurisdiction 3 Institutionalizing Legal Difference in Castile 4 Aljama, or the Republic of Difference 5 Caciques and Local Governance in the Andes 6 Pueblos de indios: Entangled Authority in the Lima Valley Part III: Order and Disorder 7 The Specters of Black Self-Governance 8 Walls and Law in Lima and Its Cercado Conclusion Glossary Notes Bibliography Index Review Republics of Difference is an ambitious and compelling study of the Iberian republic as a tool for managing religious and cultural difference and as a unit of self-governance for legal minorities. Through meticulous transatlantic analysis across a broad swath of time, Graubart reveals the fungibility of the republic as imperial strategy while underscoring how leaders and residents of diverse republics mobilized notions of difference for their own ends. Her argument that republics catalyzed early modern legal pluralism and racial thinking in the Atlantic world represents a landmark contribution to multiple fields of history. * Yanna Yannakakis, Emory University *Jurisdiction is the fabric of power. Graubarts book delves into the question of what happens when two jurisdictions—for instance, one of Indian laborers and officials living in a walled city, another one founded in colonial rule and Jesuit ideas of work—overlap. Republics of Difference demonstrates both the jurisdictional and institutional creativity of imperial subjects and the ways in which colonial rule kept such creativity at bay. * JesÚs R. Velasco, author of Dead Voice: Law, Philosophy, and Fiction in the Iberian Middle Ages *Republics of Difference is a fascinating transatlantic discussion of the role of self-governing republics as a tool not only for managing distinctive subgroups within the Iberian empire, but also for self-preservation for racial and religious minorities...Using an impressive array of legal and commercial records from both sides of the Atlantic, Graubart demonstrates how disenfranchised groups in Seville and Lima employed the distinction and legal status of a republic to preserve their own identity and exert agency within the Spanish Empire at the same time that the empire attempted to use republics to reinforce imperial control. This work is enhanced through the extensive use of GIS to cartographically present...statistical analysis. This well-written study makes important contributions to discussions of race, identity, and self-governance in the Spanish Empire, as well as to broader discussions within Atlantic studies. * Choice *Those of us interested in the connected histories of Spain and the Americas have intuited a historical and ideological link between the republics of Muslims and Jews of the Iberian peninsula and the republics of Indians of the overseas territories. Grounding this long awaited and ingeniously documented study in the aljamas of late medieval Seville and the cabildos of Indians of the Lima valley in the early colonial period, respectively, Karen B. Graubart recovers a series of parallelisms and counterpoints that clarify this relationship... One of the most significant methodological innovations is Graubarts reconstruction of the jurisdiction of these republics, despite the near total lack of internal notarial and judicial records. * JosÃ© Carlos de la Puente Luna, Hispanic American Historical Review *The greatest strength of Republics of Difference is its impressive breadth, bringing together and drawing out the commonalities and cleavages of Spanish institutional and spatial structures and experiences of difference from the thirteenth to the early seventeenth century. The work stitches together a wealth of sources, stories, and places... Many of the communities studied are often the focus of nationally bound historiographies; thus the book sheds light on how race, status, and local context profoundly remade the legal, economic, and social worlds of Spanish subjects whom the early modern church and state defined as different across the empire. This impressive book will be of great interest to scholars and students of race, religion, law, and politics in late medieval Spain, colonial Latin America, and the early modern African diaspora. * Bethan Fisk, H-LatAm, H-Net Reviews *In this parallel rather than comparative history, Karen Graubart analyses the constitution of difference in the legally pluralistic Hispanic Monarchy, examining the ways that jurisdictions delegated to distinct corporate political units, dubbed repÚblicas, negotiated with each other and the overarching royal dominion that hovered above them all... The true joy of this book are its microhistories, suggestive anecdotes that paint a vivid picture of life...The book provides a rich and suggestive mosaic that offers fundamental insights into the way that colonial, imperial power was exercised in Iberia and the Andes across diverse religious and racial communities, essential reading for anyone who seeks to understand the social history of the Spanish Atlantic world. * Alexander Samson, English Historical Review *Exceptionally original, well-researched, and well-written... Graubarts prose is lively and quick paced, as she moves back and forth between narrative case studies and illustrative anecdotes culled from archival sources, synthetic surveys of general trends, and finely grained analyses of an often elusive documentary record... Republics of Difference constitutes an exemplary work of interdisciplinary, comparative scholarship such that the reader sees as much continuum as rupture between the Middle Ages and the Early Modern and between European Iberia and New World Peru. This dense but very readable work will be appreciated by scholars in a range of fields and is eminently suitable to be assigned in a graduate or upper-level undergraduate seminar. * Brian A. Catlos, Journal of the American Academy of Religion *This dense but very readable work will be appreciated by scholars in a range of fields and is eminently suitable to be assigned in a graduate or upper-level undergraduate seminar. * Brian A. Catlos, Journal of the American Academy of Religion * Long Description Spanish monarchs recognized the jurisdictions of many self-governing corporate groups, including Jews and Muslims on the peninsula, indigenous peoples in their American colonies, and enslaved and free people of African descent across the empire. Republics of Difference examines fifteenth-century Seville and sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Lima to show how religiously- and racially-based self-governance functioned in a society with many kinds of law, whateffects it had on communities, and why it mattered. By comparing these minoritized communities on both sides of the Spanish Atlantic world, this study offers a new understanding of the distinct standings of those communities in their urban settings. Drawing on legal and commercial records from late medievalSpain and colonial Latin America, Karen B. Graubart paints insightful portraits of residents everyday lives to underscore the discriminatory barriers as well as the occupational structures, social hierarchies, and networks in which they flourished. In doing so, she demonstrates the limits, benefits, and dangers of living under ones own law in the Spanish empire, including the ways self-governance enabled some communities to protect their practices and cultures over time. Review Quote "Republics of Difference is an ambitious and compelling study of the Iberian republic as a tool for managing religious and cultural difference and as a unit of self-governance for legal minorities. Through meticulous transatlantic analysis across a broad swath of time, Graubart reveals the fungibility of the republic as imperial strategy while underscoring how leaders and residents of diverse republics mobilized notions of difference for their own ends. Her argument that republics catalyzed early modern legal pluralism and racial thinking in the Atlantic world represents a landmark contribution to multiple fields of history." -- Yanna Yannakakis, Emory University "Jurisdiction is the fabric of power. Graubarts book delves into the question of what happens when two jurisdictions--for instance, one of Indian laborers and officials living in a walled city, another one founded in colonial rule and Jesuit ideas of work--overlap. Republics of Difference demonstrates both the jurisdictional and institutional creativity of imperial subjects and the ways in which colonial rule kept such creativity at bay." -- Jes Details ISBN0190233842 Author Karen B. Graubart Short Title Republics of Difference Language English Year 2022 ISBN-10 0190233842 ISBN-13 9780190233846 Format Paperback Subtitle Religious and Racial Self-Governance in the Spanish Atlantic World Publisher Oxford University Press Inc Imprint Oxford University Press Inc Place of Publication New York Country of Publication United States Illustrations 22 black and white halftones Publication Date 2022-10-13 AU Release Date 2022-10-13 NZ Release Date 2022-10-13 US Release Date 2022-10-13 UK Release Date 2022-10-13 Alternative 9780190233839 DEWEY 909.0971246 Audience General Pages 368 We've got this At The Nile, if you're looking for it, we've got it. 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