Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering (International

Description: Preface xv How to Use This Book xvii Acknowledgments xxi About the Authors xxiii Part I: Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemical Engineering 3 1.1 A Brief History of Chemical Engineering 3 1.2 Types of Jobs Chemical Engineers Perform 6 1.3 Industries in Which Chemical Engineers Work 8 1.4 Sustainability 10 1.5 Ethics 24 Chapter 2: Introductory Concepts 29 2.1 Units of Measure 29 2.2 Unit Conversions 35 2.3 Equations and Units 41 2.4 Measurement Errors and Significant Figures 47 2.5 Validation of Results 53 2.6 Mass, Moles, and Density 55 2.7 Process Variables 75 Part II: Material Balances 125 Chapter 3: Material Balances 127 3.1 The Connection between a Process and Its Schematic 129 3.2 Introduction to Material Balances 134 3.3 A General Strategy for Solving Material Balance Problems 145 3.4 Material Balances for Single Unit Systems 164 3.5 Vectors and Matrices 188 3.6 Solving Systems of Linear Equations with MATLAB 190 3.7 Solving Systems of Linear Equations with Python 196 Chapter 4: Material Balances with Chemical Reaction 225 4.1 Stoichiometry 226 4.2 Terminology for Reaction Systems 235 4.3 Species Mole Balances 248 4.4 Element Material Balances 268 4.5 Material Balances for Combustion Systems 276 Chapter 5: Material Balances for Multiunit Processes 313 5.1 Preliminary Concepts 314 5.2 Sequential Multiunit Systems 317 5.3 Recycle Systems 340 5.4 Bypass and Purge 357 5.5 The Industrial Application of Material Balances 367 Part III: Gases, Vapors, and Liquids 401 Chapter 6: Ideal and Real Gases 403 6.1 Ideal Gases 405 6.2 Real Gases: Equations of State 422 6.3 Real Gases: Compressibility Charts 436 6.4 Real Gas Mixtures 444 Chapter 7: Multiphase Equilibrium 473 7.1 Introduction 473 7.2 Phase Diagrams and the Phase Rule 475 7.3 Single-Component Two-Phase Systems (Vapor Pressure) 487 7.4 Two-Component Gas/Single-Component Liquid Systems 504 7.5 Two-Component Gas/Two-Component Liquid Systems 523 7.6 Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium 536 Part IV: Energy Balances 559 Chapter 8: Energy Balances without Reaction 561 8.1 Terminology Associated with Energy Balances 564 8.2 Overview of Types of Energy and Energy Balances 569 8.3 Energy Balances for Closed, Unsteady-State Systems 574 8.4 Energy Balances for Open, Steady-State Systems 597 8.5 Mechanical Energy Balances 627 8.6 Energy Balances for Special Cases 640 Chapter 9: Energy Balances with Reaction 681 9.1 The Standard Heat (Enthalpy) of Formation 682 9.2 The Heat (Enthalpy) of Reaction 688 9.3 Integration of Heat of Formation and Sensible Heat 700 9.4 The Heat (Enthalpy) of Combustion 726 Part V: Combined Material and Energy Balances 747 Chapter 10: Humidity (Psychrometric) Charts 749 10.1 Terminology 751 10.2 The Humidity (Psychrometric) Chart 755 10.3 Applications of the Humidity Chart 765 Chapter 11: Unsteady-State Material and Energy Balances 781 11.1 Unsteady-State Balances 783 11.2 Numerical Integration of ODEs 790 11.3 Examples 799 Supplemental online materials: Chapter 12: Heats of Solution and Mixing 825 Chapter 13: Liquids and Gases in Equilibrium with Solids 845 Chapter 14: Solving Material and Energy Balances Using Process Simulators (Flowsheeting Codes) 857 Part VI: Supplementary Material--Appendixes 889 Appendix A: Atomic Weights and Numbers 893 Appendix B: Tables of the Pitzer Z^0 and Z^1 Factors 894 Appendix C: Heats of Formation and Combustion 899 Appendix D: Answers to Selected Problems 903 Supplemental online materials: Appendix E: Physical Properties of Various Organic and Inorganic Substances 908 Appendix F: Heat Capacity Equations 920 Appendix G: Vapor Pressures 924 Appendix H: Heats of Solution and Dilution 925 Appendix I: Enthalpy-Concentration Data 926 Appendix J: Thermodynamic Charts 933 Appendix K: Physical Properties of Petroleum Fractions 940 Appendix L: Solution of Sets of Equations 949 Appendix M: Fitting Functions to Data 971 Index 975

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